標籤: centos

Zimbra(金芭樂)郵件伺服器安裝心得

技術

Zimbra我是最近從節神大大(http://blog.jason.tools/)得知是一套優質的郵件服務器,

在此之前我推薦的是 iredmail , 安裝非常簡單,可以多網域管理, 但iredmail免費版並沒有整合microsoft active directory,不建議有AD的企業使用.

Zimbra社群版本,能跟AD整合,還滿適合企業使用, 以下節錄一些心得與重點, 不會紀錄詳細的安裝方式.

Zimbra Container

我通常會優先尋找container的方式安裝, 原因是想快速體驗.不過官方網站的docker停留在2017年的版本, 安裝的時候會失敗, 於是就作罷, 後續接手應該就是 Zimbra X版本了.

手動安裝

只要準備好Linux OS(我使用CenOS 7), 下載最新相對應的檔案(我使用8.8.15), 解開後,執行裡面的 install.sh 就可以依照指示安裝, 安裝前需要搞定hostname. 要修改/etc/hosts 以及執行hostnamectl set-hostname , 這部分install.sh也會提示您.

解除安裝

畢竟不是container, 若解除安裝有問題, 可能造成OS不穩定或是常駐無用服務的狀況, 好險到目前為止安裝很順利, 解除安裝也很簡單, 只要執行 ./install.sh -u 就可以進行解除安裝程序.

解除安裝曾遇到一個問題,就是CentOS有個套件移除不乾淨,需要手動移除, 可以使用rpm -qa|grep zimbra的方式找出相關套件, 手動移除, 這樣才可以移除乾進,才能重新安裝哦.

登入帳號與郵件不同如何處理

  1. 管理者協助新增別名
  2. 使用者登入webmail, 設定寄件者郵件為別名email
  3. 系統管理者停用aliases登入功能 
    su - zimbra
    zmlocalconfig -e alias_login_enabled=false
    zmcontrol restart mailbox

安裝前請關閉CentOS7上預設的Mail Server

因為zimbra自帶mail server , 所以用不到Linux內建的, 請關閉,否則會衝突

systemctl stop postfix ; systemctl disable postfix

zimbra proxy啟動失敗, 出現invalid port in “0” of the “listen”錯誤

cd /opt/zimbra/libexec
 ./zmproxyconfig -e -w -H <zimbra host name>
 ./zmproxyconfig -e -m -H <zimbra host name>

自動取得Let’s Encrypt證書

  1. 設定網域的CAA
  2. 確認開防火牆 80,443有開放
  3. 確認zimbra的proxy監聽80,443 (設定both,而不是只有https,這樣會造成let’s encrypt認證失敗
  4. 安裝let’s Encrypt 的 自動獲取程式 certbot
    yum install epel-release mod_ssl certbot -y
  5. 下載 certbot-zimbra 
    #下載certbot_zimbra 
      wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/YetOpen/certbot-zimbra/master/certbot_zimbra.sh -P /usr/local/bin 
      chmod +x /usr/local/bin/certbot_zimbra.sh  
     
    #確定主機名稱  
      /opt/zimbra/bin/zmhostname  

     # 自動獲取證書
      ##單一主機名稱) 
      certbot_zimbra.sh -n  
      ##或是多主機 
      certbot_zimbra.sh -n   -e  <第二主機名稱>
  6. 重啟zimbra
  7. 設定自動更新(這方式很多,請參考certbot-zimbra官網
  8. certbot-zimbra網站 https://github.com/YetOpen/certbot-zimbra

擋信政策

擋信政策可以使用管理頁面登入, 參考https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Anti-spam_Strategies 建議設定

  1. reject_non_fqdn_sender
  2. reject_unknown_sender_domain
  3. rbl
  4. rhbl

手動設定擋信政策

新版設定不太一樣,針對postscreen新的設定可參考這裏 , 另外可參考 這個網站 提供的整體建議.

我綜合之後的設定(有些可使用管理頁面設定就不再額外加入)

## antispam enable
### check status
zmlocalconfig antispam_enable_rule_updates
zmlocalconfig antispam_enable_restarts
### set enable
zmlocalconfig -e antispam_enable_rule_updates=true
zmlocalconfig -e antispam_enable_restarts=true
zmprov mcf zimbraSpamKillPercent 75
zmprov mcf zimbraSpamTagPercent 20
zmprov mcf zimbraSpamSubjectTag "** CAUTION! SUSPICIOUS EMAIL **"

### restart
zmamavisdctl restart

## set MTA restriction
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension asd
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension bat
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension cab
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension chm
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension cmd
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension com
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension dll
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension do
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension exe
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension hlp
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension hta
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension js
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension jse
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension lnk
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension ocx
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension pif
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension reg
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension scr
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension shb
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension shm
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension shs
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension vbe
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension vbs
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension vbx
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension vxd
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension wsf
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension wsh
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtension xl
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtensionWarnAdmin TRUE
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaBlockedExtensionWarnRecipient TRUE
zmprov mcf zimbraVirusBlockEncryptedArchive FALSE
zmprov gcf zimbraMTARestriction

## set Postscreen , 8.7 and above
### https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Collaboration_Postscreen
### medium/high level
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenAccessList permit_mynetworks
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenBareNewlineAction ignore
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenBareNewlineEnable no
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenBareNewlineTTL 30d
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenBlacklistAction ignore
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenCacheCleanupInterval 12h
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenCacheRetentionTime 7d
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenCommandCountLimit 20
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblAction enforce
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'b.barracudacentral.org=127.0.0.2*7' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'dnsbl.inps.de=127.0.0.2*7' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'zen.spamhaus.org=127.0.0.[10;11]*8' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'zen.spamhaus.org=127.0.0.[4..7]*6' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'zen.spamhaus.org=127.0.0.3*4' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'zen.spamhaus.org=127.0.0.2*3' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'list.dnswl.org=127.0.[0..255].0*-2' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'list.dnswl.org=127.0.[0..255].1*-3' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'list.dnswl.org=127.0.[0..255].2*-4' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'list.dnswl.org=127.0.[0..255].3*-5' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'bl.mailspike.net=127.0.0.2*5' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'bl.mailspike.net=127.0.0.[10;11;12]*4' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'wl.mailspike.net=127.0.0.[18;19;20]*-2' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'dnsbl.sorbs.net=127.0.0.10*8' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'dnsbl.sorbs.net=127.0.0.5*6' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'dnsbl.sorbs.net=127.0.0.7*3' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'dnsbl.sorbs.net=127.0.0.8*2' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'dnsbl.sorbs.net=127.0.0.6*2' zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblSites 'dnsbl.sorbs.net=127.0.0.9*2'
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblTTL 5m
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblThreshold 8
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblTimeout 10s
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenDnsblWhitelistThreshold 0
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenGreetAction enforce
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenGreetTTL 1d
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenNonSmtpCommandAction drop
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenNonSmtpCommandEnable no
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenNonSmtpCommandTTL 30d
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenPipeliningAction enforce
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenPipeliningEnable no
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenPipeliningTTL 30d
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenWatchdogTimeout 10s
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenWhitelistInterfaces static:all

### Create /opt/zimbra/common/conf/postscreen_wblist
vi /opt/zimbra/common/conf/postscreen_wblist
### Rules are evaluated in the order as specified.
### Blacklist 60.70.80.* except  60.70.80.91.
60.70.80.91/32 permit
60.70.80.0/24 reject
### enable white/black list
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenAccessList "permit_mynetworks, cidr:/opt/zimbra/common/conf/postscreen_wblist"
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaPostscreenBlacklistAction enforce

### sender/recipient mismatch
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaSmtpdSenderLoginMaps proxy:ldap:/opt/zimbra/conf/ldap-slm.cf 
zmprov mcf +zimbraMtaSmtpdSenderRestrictions reject_authenticated_sender_login_mismatch
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaSmtpdRejectUnlistedRecipient yes
zmprov mcf zimbraMtaSmtpdRejectUnlistedSender yes

### restart
zmmtactl restart
zmconfigdctl restart

重新啟動時, 出現 Unable to start TLS: SSL connect attempt failed error解決方式

zmcontrol stop
zmlocalconfig -e ldap_starttls_required=false
zmlocalconfig -e ldap_starttls_supported=0
Zmcontrol start
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CentOS 8安裝docker-ce

技術

第一次安裝CentOS 8 , 也第一次在上面安裝docker-ce版本,因此記錄下來版本不一致衝突的解決方式

簡單的敘述就是 CentOS 8 目前的containerd-io 版本低於 1.2.2-3 , 無法安裝docker-ce 19版本 , 處理方式就是先手動安裝大於1.2.2-3的containerd-io

dnf install -y epel-release
dnf update
dnf install -y yum-utils  device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
dnf config-manager --add-repo=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
## containerd.io-1.2.2-3以上
wget https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/Packages/containerd.io-1.2.6-3.3.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -Uvh containerd.io-1.2.6-3.3.el7.x86_64.rpm
dnf -y  install docker-ce-cli docker-ce --nobest
systemctl enable docker
systemctl start docker
################################################
## 安裝完畢,請更改預設存放路徑
## 編輯 /lib/systemd/system/docker.service
## 找出
## ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker 
## 改成
## ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker --data-root <你的新路徑>
################################################
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使用docker安裝nextcloud

技術

新版安裝方式請到這裡查看

——————-以下是舊版安裝方式——————-

  1. 建立volume
  2. 設定mariadb data
  3. 執行
  4. 設定trusted_domain

建立volume

 docker volume create nextcloud-www
 docker volume create nextcloud-app
 docker volume create nextcloud-config
 docker volume create nextcloud-data
 docker volume create nextcloud-theme

確認 mariadb 資料庫伺服器是否準備好

執行docker指令

docker run -d -p <對應的port>:80 -v nextcloud-www:/var/www/html -v nextcloud-app:/var/www/html/custom_apps -v nextcloud-config:/var/www/html/config -v nextcloud-data:/var/www/html/data -v nextcloud-theme:/var/www/html/themes/mycustom --link <docker資料庫名稱>:mysql -e MYSQL_DATABASE=nextcloud -e MYSQL_USER=root -e MYSQL_PASSWORD=<密碼> -e MYSQL_HOST=mysql --restart=always --name nextcloud nextcloud

若有apache或是nginx作為反向proxy, 將https帶到nextcloud, 需設定trust_domain(網站會提醒)

httpd設定

# for CalDav
RewriteEngine On 
RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For
RewriteRule ^/\.well-known/carddav https://%{SERVER_NAME}/remote.php/dav/ [R=301,L] RewriteRule ^/\.well-known/caldav https://%{SERVER_NAME}/remote.php/dav/ [R=301,L] 
# form redirect
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName <server name>
    Redirect permanent / https://<server name>/
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:443> 
  # form security
  <IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header always set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15552000; includeSubDomains"
  </IfModule>
</VirtualHost>

nextcloud config設定

若使用httpd proxy 的方式需要加入以下設定, 以免登入轉圈圈無法進入頁面, 修改 config.php 檔案

'overwritehost' => '<主機名稱>',
'overwriteprotocol' => 'https',

執行command

 docker exec --user www-data <CONTAINER_ID> php occ 
例入遇到上傳檔案失敗, 或是一些檔案錯誤可執行
docker exec --user www-data <container id> php occ files:scan --all
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CentOS 7 安裝postfix郵件伺服器簡易步驟

技術
本文章設定的郵件伺服器, 並不包含郵件過濾功能 , 帳號綁定windows網域 , 連線使用TLS加密連線

紅色的部份需要注意, 此外若出現 kafeiou.pw 請記得取代掉

#郵件過濾功能(mail gateway),請參考此文章

#2011年曾經寫過類似文章當時是CentOS6,應該大同小異

1. 修改 /etc/postfix/main.cf ,

###############################################################
myhostname = mail.kafeiou.pw
mydestination=/etc/postfix/local-host-names
inet_interfaces = all
# Enable IPv4, and IPv6 if supported
inet_protocols = all
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8,192.168.1.0/24
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
mail_owner = postfix
command_directory = /usr/sbin
daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
data_directory = /var/lib/postfix
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550
home_mailbox = Maildir/
sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix
newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix
mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix
setgid_group = postdrop
html_directory = no
manpage_directory = /usr/share/man

###############################################################
smtpd_recipient_restrictions =
 permit_mynetworks,
 permit_sasl_authenticated,
 reject_non_fqdn_hostname,
 reject_non_fqdn_recipient,
 reject_unknown_sender_domain,
 reject_unknown_recipient_domain,
 reject_unauth_destination,

smtpd_client_restrictions =
 permit_sasl_authenticated,

smtpd_sender_restrictions =
 permit_mynetworks,
 reject_non_fqdn_sender,
 reject_unknown_sender_domain

###############################################################
message_size_limit = 150600000
mailbox_size_limit = 250600000
virtual_mailbox_limit = 250600000
disable_vrfy_command = yes
strict_rfc821_envelopes = yes
bounce_queue_lifetime = 1d
###############################################################
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes
smtpd_sasl_local_domain =
###############################################################
smtpd_helo_required = yes
smtpd_delay_reject = yes
smtpd_helo_restrictions =
 permit_mynetworks,
 permit
##############################################################
virtual_mailbox_domains =  /etc/postfix/domains
virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail
virtual_mailbox_maps = ldap:/etc/postfix/ldap-users.cf
# 1001 is id of user  "vmail" created in linux
virtual_uid_maps = static:1001
virtual_gid_maps = static:1001
virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases,ldap:/etc/postfix/ldap-aliases.cf
##############################################################
recipient_bcc_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/recipient_bcc
sender_bcc_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sender_bcc
#inet_protocols = ipv4
smtpd_tls_security_level = may
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.kafeiou.pw/privkey.pem
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.kafeiou.pw/fullchain.pem
# smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/pki/tls/root.crt
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1
smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:/var/lib/postfix/smtpd_tls_cache
tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom
tls_random_exchange_name = /var/lib/postfix/prng_exch

# 強制使用TLS
smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes
smtp_use_tls = yes
smtpd_use_tls = yes
smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes

#
# Disable SSLv2, SSLv3
#
smtpd_tls_protocols = !SSLv2 !SSLv3
smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2 !SSLv3
smtp_tls_protocols = !SSLv2 !SSLv3
smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2 !SSLv3
lmtp_tls_protocols = !SSLv2 !SSLv3
lmtp_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2 !SSLv3

dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1

#performance
smtpd_error_sleep_time = 0
default_process_limit = 150
qmgr_message_active_limit = 40000
qmgr_message_recipient_limit = 40000
default_destination_concurrency_limit=100
default_destination_recipient_limit=100
default_process_limit=200
smtp_mx_session_limit=100
smtpd_client_connection_count_limit=100
smtp_destination_concurrency_limit=100
maximal_backoff_time = 1000s
minimal_backoff_time = 300s

2. 修改 /etc/postfix/local-host-names , 加上主機名稱 

mail.kafeiou.pw

3. 修改  /etc/postfix/domains , 加上網域

kafeiou.pw

4.新增使用者 vmail , 並紀錄該使用者id , 並更新到 main.cf 裡面的id(可參考步驟1)

groupadd vmail -g 1001; useradd vmail -u 1001 -g 1001

5. 綁定網域帳號

裡面的 mail=%s 代表郵件紀錄在網域的mail欄位

vi /etc/postfix/ldap-users.cf

server_host = <主機ip>
search_base = ou=taipei,dc=kafeiou,dc=pw
version = 3
query_filter = (&(objectclass=*)(mail=%s))
result_attribute = samaccountname  #Account from DC
result_format = %s/Maildir/
bind = yes
bind_dn = cn=ldap,cn=Users,dc=kafeiou,dc=pw
bind_pw = <cn=ldap的密碼>

6. 綁定aliases, 網域設定群組

vi /etc/postfix/ldap-aliases.cf

server_host = <主機ip>
search_base = ou=aliases,dc=kafeiou,dc=pw
#scope = sub
query_filter = (memberOf:1.2.840.113556.1.4.1941:=CN=%s,ou=aliases,dc=kafeiou,dc=pw)
result_attribute = mail
result_format = %s
version = 3
bind = yes
bind_dn = cn=ldap,cn=Users,dc=kafeiou,dc=pw
bind_pw = <cn=ldap的密碼>

7. 取得letsencrypt, 更新步驟1相關的證書

按此連結到本站能找到資源 , 記得輸入guest/guest

8. 設定收發備份

/etc/postfix/recipient_bcc  與  /etc/postfix/sender_bcc

william收發信都會備份到, public , 記得改完套用 postmap /etc/postfix/recipient_bcc  與  /etc/postfix/sender_bcc

william@kafeiou.pw  public@kafeiou.pw

9. 設定submission(TLS加密,使用587 port)

vi /etc/postfix/master.cf

submission inet n       -       n       -       -       smtpd
  -o syslog_name=postfix/submission
  -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
  -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
  -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no
#  -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions
#  -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions
#  -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions
  -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject

10, 修改 /etc/sysconfig/saslauthd

# Directory in which to place saslauthd's listening socket, pid file, and so
# on.  This directory must already exist.
SOCKETDIR=/run/saslauthd

# Mechanism to use when checking passwords.  Run "saslauthd -v" to get a list
# of which mechanism your installation was compiled with the ablity to use.
#MECH=pam
MECH=ldap

# Additional flags to pass to saslauthd on the command line.  See saslauthd(8)
# for the list of accepted flags.
FLAGS="-O /etc/postfix/saslauthd.conf -c -r"

11. 修改 /etc/postfix/saslauthd.conf

ldap_servers: ldap://<網域伺服器IP>:389/
ldap_search_base: ou=taipei,dc=kafeiou,dc=pw
ldap_auth_method: bind
ldap_version: 3
ldap_bind_dn: cn=ldap,cn=Users,dc=kafeiou,dc=pw
ldap_bind_pw: <cn=ldap的密碼>
ldap_filter: (sAMAccountName=%u)
#ldap_filter: (mail=%u)

以上應該就能夠讓smtp 綁定網域, 以及擁有TLS(port 587)功能

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linux防毒軟體clamav啟用google Safe Browsing

技術

偶的郵件伺服器使用postfix + amavisd-new+clamav

最近很不好意思的發現 clamav 很早以前就支援google Safe Browsing , 除了防毒外,還可以過濾掉一些不正當的連結, 作法如下:

1. 修改/etc/freshclam.conf  , 加上:

SafeBrowsing yes

2. 重啟clamav service, 或是postfix 透過amavisd不需要重啟service, 只要執行freshclam這個指令即可

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安裝於linux的oracle 11g , 如何設定instance啟用方式

技術

oracle 11g是很久的資料庫, 當時是配合鼎新tiptop 5.1 GP版本安裝, 安裝於centos 5.5 final ,
tiptop系統分成topprod, topstd , 與toptest , 但是到最後很少用到 topstd與toptest,

所以可以預設停用這兩個用不到的instance,

我們可以修改 /etc/oratab 這個檔案, 長得如下:

toptest:/u2/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y
topstd:/u2/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y
topprod:/u2/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y

請停掉database後, 把Y改成N, 以後重啟就不會啟動用不到的instance

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esxi轉centos 5 到pve失敗,出現 mount could not find system /dev/root

技術

咖啡偶最近進行一系列從esxi轉到pve的工作, 其中出現轉CentOS 5這種老舊vm失敗的狀況, 錯誤如下:

Unable to access resume device (LABEL=SWAP-hda3)

mount: could not find filesystem ‘/dev/root’

測試過很多方式, 例如改ide, sata, scsi 等方式都不行,  最後終於找到重建開機程序 initrd 的方式解決,

解決方式如下:

  1. 下載相對應大版本OS , Centos 5.x 都可以
  2. 掛載 Centos 5開機片開機, 輸入 linux rescue(救援模式)
  3. 輸入 chroot /mnt/sysimage 讓系統暫時恢復成原系統的狀態
  4. 刪除/boot/initrd-xxx.img 開機檔案 xxx代表原系統開機時的版本號碼
  5. 查詢一下 /lib/module 是否有xxx版本號碼
  6. 重建開機檔案  mkinitrd /boot/initrd-xxx.img   xxx
  7. 重開機, 卸載Centos 5開機片, ,改由原系統開機測試是否能成功
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