CentOS 7 安裝postfix郵件伺服器簡易步驟

技術
本文章設定的郵件伺服器, 並不包含郵件過濾功能 , 帳號綁定windows網域 , 連線使用TLS加密連線

紅色的部份需要注意, 此外若出現 kafeiou.pw 請記得取代掉

#郵件過濾功能(mail gateway),請參考此文章

#2011年曾經寫過類似文章當時是CentOS6,應該大同小異

1. 修改 /etc/postfix/main.cf ,

###############################################################
myhostname = mail.kafeiou.pw
mydestination=/etc/postfix/local-host-names
inet_interfaces = all
# Enable IPv4, and IPv6 if supported
inet_protocols = all
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8,192.168.1.0/24
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
mail_owner = postfix
command_directory = /usr/sbin
daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
data_directory = /var/lib/postfix
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550
home_mailbox = Maildir/
sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix
newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix
mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix
setgid_group = postdrop
html_directory = no
manpage_directory = /usr/share/man

###############################################################
smtpd_recipient_restrictions =
 permit_mynetworks,
 permit_sasl_authenticated,
 reject_non_fqdn_hostname,
 reject_non_fqdn_recipient,
 reject_unknown_sender_domain,
 reject_unknown_recipient_domain,
 reject_unauth_destination,

smtpd_client_restrictions =
 permit_sasl_authenticated,

smtpd_sender_restrictions =
 permit_mynetworks,
 reject_non_fqdn_sender,
 reject_unknown_sender_domain

###############################################################
message_size_limit = 150600000
mailbox_size_limit = 250600000
virtual_mailbox_limit = 250600000
disable_vrfy_command = yes
strict_rfc821_envelopes = yes
bounce_queue_lifetime = 1d
###############################################################
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes
smtpd_sasl_local_domain =
###############################################################
smtpd_helo_required = yes
smtpd_delay_reject = yes
smtpd_helo_restrictions =
 permit_mynetworks,
 permit
##############################################################
virtual_mailbox_domains =  /etc/postfix/domains
virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail
virtual_mailbox_maps = ldap:/etc/postfix/ldap-users.cf
# 1001 is id of user  "vmail" created in linux
virtual_uid_maps = static:1001
virtual_gid_maps = static:1001
virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases,ldap:/etc/postfix/ldap-aliases.cf
##############################################################
recipient_bcc_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/recipient_bcc
sender_bcc_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sender_bcc
#inet_protocols = ipv4
smtpd_tls_security_level = may
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.kafeiou.pw/privkey.pem
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.kafeiou.pw/fullchain.pem
# smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/pki/tls/root.crt
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1
smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:/var/lib/postfix/smtpd_tls_cache
tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom
tls_random_exchange_name = /var/lib/postfix/prng_exch

# 強制使用TLS
smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes
smtp_use_tls = yes
smtpd_use_tls = yes
smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes

#
# Disable SSLv2, SSLv3
#
smtpd_tls_protocols = !SSLv2 !SSLv3
smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2 !SSLv3
smtp_tls_protocols = !SSLv2 !SSLv3
smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2 !SSLv3
lmtp_tls_protocols = !SSLv2 !SSLv3
lmtp_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2 !SSLv3

dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1

#performance
smtpd_error_sleep_time = 0
default_process_limit = 150
qmgr_message_active_limit = 40000
qmgr_message_recipient_limit = 40000
default_destination_concurrency_limit=100
default_destination_recipient_limit=100
default_process_limit=200
smtp_mx_session_limit=100
smtpd_client_connection_count_limit=100
smtp_destination_concurrency_limit=100
maximal_backoff_time = 1000s
minimal_backoff_time = 300s

2. 修改 /etc/postfix/local-host-names , 加上主機名稱 

mail.kafeiou.pw

3. 修改  /etc/postfix/domains , 加上網域

kafeiou.pw

4.新增使用者 vmail , 並紀錄該使用者id , 並更新到 main.cf 裡面的id(可參考步驟1)

groupadd vmail -g 1001; useradd vmail -u 1001 -g 1001

5. 綁定網域帳號

裡面的 mail=%s 代表郵件紀錄在網域的mail欄位

vi /etc/postfix/ldap-users.cf

server_host = <主機ip>
search_base = ou=taipei,dc=kafeiou,dc=pw
version = 3
query_filter = (&(objectclass=*)(mail=%s))
result_attribute = samaccountname  #Account from DC
result_format = %s/Maildir/
bind = yes
bind_dn = cn=ldap,cn=Users,dc=kafeiou,dc=pw
bind_pw = <cn=ldap的密碼>

6. 綁定aliases, 網域設定群組

vi /etc/postfix/ldap-aliases.cf

server_host = <主機ip>
search_base = ou=aliases,dc=kafeiou,dc=pw
#scope = sub
query_filter = (memberOf:1.2.840.113556.1.4.1941:=CN=%s,ou=aliases,dc=kafeiou,dc=pw)
result_attribute = mail
result_format = %s
version = 3
bind = yes
bind_dn = cn=ldap,cn=Users,dc=kafeiou,dc=pw
bind_pw = <cn=ldap的密碼>

7. 取得letsencrypt, 更新步驟1相關的證書

按此連結到本站能找到資源 , 記得輸入guest/guest

8. 設定收發備份

/etc/postfix/recipient_bcc  與  /etc/postfix/sender_bcc

william收發信都會備份到, public , 記得改完套用 postmap /etc/postfix/recipient_bcc  與  /etc/postfix/sender_bcc

william@kafeiou.pw  public@kafeiou.pw

9. 設定submission(TLS加密,使用587 port)

vi /etc/postfix/master.cf

submission inet n       -       n       -       -       smtpd
  -o syslog_name=postfix/submission
  -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
  -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
  -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no
#  -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions
#  -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions
#  -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions
  -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject

10, 修改 /etc/sysconfig/saslauthd

# Directory in which to place saslauthd's listening socket, pid file, and so
# on.  This directory must already exist.
SOCKETDIR=/run/saslauthd

# Mechanism to use when checking passwords.  Run "saslauthd -v" to get a list
# of which mechanism your installation was compiled with the ablity to use.
#MECH=pam
MECH=ldap

# Additional flags to pass to saslauthd on the command line.  See saslauthd(8)
# for the list of accepted flags.
FLAGS="-O /etc/postfix/saslauthd.conf -c -r"

11. 修改 /etc/postfix/saslauthd.conf

ldap_servers: ldap://<網域伺服器IP>:389/
ldap_search_base: ou=taipei,dc=kafeiou,dc=pw
ldap_auth_method: bind
ldap_version: 3
ldap_bind_dn: cn=ldap,cn=Users,dc=kafeiou,dc=pw
ldap_bind_pw: <cn=ldap的密碼>
ldap_filter: (sAMAccountName=%u)
#ldap_filter: (mail=%u)

以上應該就能夠讓smtp 綁定網域, 以及擁有TLS(port 587)功能

接下來 設定dovecot 使用993,995收信

1. 修改/etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-auth.conf 

找到 #!include auth-ldap.conf.ext 拿掉 #

2. 修改/etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf , 確保設定如下

mail_location = maildir:/home/vmail/%u/Maildir

3. 修改 /etc/dovecot/conf.d/auth-ldap.conf.ext, 確保設定如下

passdb {
  driver = ldap
  # Path for LDAP configuration file, see example-config/dovecot-ldap.conf.ext
  args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-ldap.conf.ext
}
userdb {
  driver = static
  args = uid=vmail gid=vmail home=/home/vmail/%u/Maildir
}

4. 修改 /etc/dovecot/dovecot-ldap.conf.ext, 確保設定如下

ldap_version = 3
auth_bind = yes

# This tells Dovecot to search all entries that fall below the base entry.
# If it were set to "onelevel", Dovecot would search only entries one levely.
# If it were set to "base", Dovecot would search only the base entry.
scope           = subtree

# If you are referencing and dereferencing aliases,
# then you know a lot more about LDAP than I do.
deref           = never

pass_attrs      = userPassword=password
default_pass_scheme = CRYPT
hosts = <網域伺服器IP>:389
base= ou=taipei,dc=kafeiou,dc=pw
dn = cn=ldap,cn=users,dc=kfafeiou,dc=pw
dnpass = <cn=ldap的密碼>
#pass_filter     = (&(mail=%u)(objectClass=person)(!(userAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=2)))
pass_filter     = (&(samaccountname=%u)(objectClass=person))

}

5. 修改 /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-ssl.conf, 確保設定如下

ssl = required
ssl_cert = </etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.kafeiou.pw/fullchain.pem
ssl_key = </etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.kafeiou.pw/privkey.pem

這樣重啟 dovecot , 與 postfix 服務應該就能進行測試與微調了

在windows建立帳號的時候, 請一律小寫建立 (因為dovecot也一律小寫)

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